Macular degeneration and the gut – how the microbiome can affect vision
Macular degeneration and gut: how the microbiome affects eye health. An unbalanced gut flora can promote inflammation and increase the risk of degenerative eye diseases such as macular degeneration and glaucoma.
Age-related macular degeneration is one of the most common causes of vision loss in old age. In addition to genetic factors and environmental conditions, the focus is increasingly on gut health. Scientific studies show that an imbalance in the gut flora can increase inflammatory processes in the body and thus possibly promote the progression of age-related macular degeneration.
Age-related macular degeneration and the gut: an underestimated connection
The gut is not only responsible for digestion, but is also an important part of the immune system. Immune cells that are trained on the intestinal wall protect the entire body – including the eyes. If the intestinal flora becomes unbalanced, substances that promote inflammation can be produced, which can have a negative effect on the retina and optic nerve and influence macular degeneration.
Causes of an Impaired Intestinal Flora in Macular Degeneration
An imbalance in the microbiome can arise from various factors that are also associated with macular degeneration:
- An unhealthy diet low in fibre but high in sugar, ready meals and saturated fats.
- Antibiotics and medications that destroy the intestinal flora and impair nutrient absorption.
- Chronic stress, which affects the intestinal bacteria and can intensify inflammations
- Disorders of the intestinal barrier, which can lead to increased permeability of the intestinal wall and promote systemic inflammations.
These factors can promote oxidative stress in the retina and impair the function of the retinal pigment epithelium cells, which are essential for the supply and detoxification of the macula.
Macular degeneration and gut health: new scientific findings
Research suggests that targeted support for the intestinal flora can help to reduce oxidative stress and regulate the immune system. Possible measures include
- Probiotics to promote healthy intestinal bacteria
- Polyphenols from berries, green tea or turmeric to reduce inflammation
- High-fibre food for stable intestinal flora
- Omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants to support retinal cells
Preventing macular degeneration: why the gut plays a key role
Since macular degeneration is a complex disease, it can be useful to include not only the eyes but also the gut in prevention and therapy. A stable gut can help to reduce inflammatory processes and better protect retinal cells.